Showing posts with label History. Show all posts
Showing posts with label History. Show all posts

Wednesday, July 9, 2014

Diversity, Maturity, and Mythology in the Masonic World

Once in a legendary Blue Moon, the Masonic Blogosphere takes up a common topic. That has happened today with the publishing of what may, depending on which side of the fence you sit upon, be a "feel good" post, or a sadly reactionary one. I refer to the post today on Freemasons for Dummies.

The idea of petitioning the government to rule on one side or another of the old argument of UGLE derived Freemasonry versus Non-UGLE derived Freemasonry is something akin to asking the government to legislate concerning whether Protestantism, Orthodoxy, or Roman Catholicism is the legitimate version of Christianity. Apart from the fact that it just won't fly, more thoughtful Masonic minds will realize it raises the issue of providing legal documentation to support the claim that the UGLE's 1717 "Grand Lodge" is the legal founder of Freemasonry. Of course, we all know that Freemasonry existed before 1717,  even Speculative Freemasonry did, and then there's the little issue of the lack of actual legal documents establishing the foundation of the Grand Lodge of 1717. The first mention of such a Grand Lodge occurs in about 1738. There exist no documents of legal incorporation, and no grounds for the argument that such an organization should hold sole legal claim to a term which had been in use well before that date.

Such legislation would have to deal with such glaring issues, and force the fraternity to separate fact from fable, something it has consistently been loath to do. Then the door would be open to the question of the authority for the foundation of the AASR. I doubt the original "Charter" that the gentlemen of Charleston produced, could it be found, would stand up to the challenge of historical scrutiny.

My point is not to engage in tit for tat. Far from it, I argue that it is time to put petty childishness behind us and start acting like rational adults. Like it or not, and despite the legends that over the last 200 years or so have come to replace rational historic research among many Freemasons, no one Freemasonic obedience or lineage gets sole claim to the name. The petty arguments that somehow non-UGLE derived Freemasons are trying to, dare I say it, hoodwink innocent people are akin to the claims of the conspiracy theorists that Freemasons are reptilian aliens from space, or spawn of the devil. They're not only disrespectful, they are totally ungrounded.  They derive from the time when, during the late 18th and early 19th Centuries, "Master Masons" traveled the country selling degrees and especially the higher degrees. None, including the Gentlemen of Charleston, were any different. They and the UGLE derived groups simply attempted to shift from traveling entrepreneurship to a more sedentary corporate version. I rather suspect that if we could look at all the accounting books associated with Freemasonry over the centuries, we'd discover that the only individual who has made real money off of Freemasonry is David Icke. On that note, it might be interesting to remember that the plethora of petitions to Congress and the President that have filled the internet over the last few years seem to have only one main outcome - they serve as fund raisers or attention for the organizations, groups, and individuals who propose them.

There's little reason to respond to each of the usual objections raised to forms of Freemasonry other than those of the UGLE. They are sectarian in nature and do not stand up to hard, rational scrutiny, which is precisely why their proponents wax so emotional when discussing such matters.

This however, is an opportune moment to raise a call for rational, civil exchange across the aisles. Where is the talk of "brotherly love" and "fraternalism" when the voices of sectarianism are raised? It appears, like politics and religion, to have been banned from the lodge. If Freemasons cannot extend the hand of friendship toward members of different Masonic organizations, we have no right to assume anyone else should take us seriously.  I hate to break it to you, but a lot of people don't.

It is time to sit down as adults and learn to distinguish between fact and fiction, history and foundational mythology. We owe it to each other, and we owe it to Freemasonry. We are not going to agree on everything, and that will no doubt include some significant issues. However, adults shouldn't need total agreement to establish the bonds of friendship and cooperation. And though it is probably more than a little silly not to, we needn't exchange full visitation rights in order to do so. It is not as if everyone is dying to get into someone else's lodge. We who comprise the Liberal, Mixed, Continental and Esoteric Masonic communities (not all the same thing) know what goes on in mainstream lodges far better than most "mainstream" masons know what goes on in ours. I have read numerous versions of mainstream North American rituals, from a variety of Preston Webb rituals, to the versions used in Pennsylvania Lodges, the Royal Arch, and several versions of the Scottish Rite. How many mainstream North American masons know the history of ritual change in the Modern or French Rite, or the histories of the Schroeder or the Adonhiramite rituals for example, much less have read even one of the rituals?

What I am trying to point out is that we need to foster better understanding. It serves everyone's interest and it is in the best interest of Freemasonry. The empire is crumbling, as we all know. Efforts to legislate brand copyright in the US courts, apart from being ludicrous, will be meaningless when there are no members left to care.

As a liberal Freemason, one who has never been a member of a UGLE derived lodge, and who is perfectly happy with his choice, I care about the future of all Freemasonry - as a set of principles, as a code of life and ethics, as a system of self development and education, as a fascinating exemplar of human values, as an institution of which I am a proud member, and while I realize that it will not likely ever regain the numbers it had in the early 20th Century, I am not convinced that it isn't better off being small. I say that because, although it may grow smaller, if we as Freemasons of every ilk, choose to refocus instead of retrench, we can grow in more important ways that have nothing to do with statistics and demographics. If the leadership of the Grand Lodges fails to show wisdom, the intellectual element within Freemasonry in general, needs to take the lead.

We have an opportunity here. I hope we can find more thoughtful ways of responding to diversity than the choice our good brother Hodapp suggests.

Monday, April 29, 2013

The Archaeology of Gatherings: Call for Papers

The Archeology of Gatherings
Institute of Technology, 
Sligo, Ireland
25th-27th October, 2013


A call for papers has been sent out for The Archaeology of Gatherings conference. This thematic international conference will bring together a range of speakers from different disciplines including both academics and professionals.  The aim is to explore the material culture and psychology behind gatherings of people.

With 2013 being the year of 'The Gathering' this theme was chosen to examine why people over millennia have come together, often in large numbers, for religious assemblies, social interaction, to exchange commodities and ideas, along with other reasons such as farewells, wakes, political opposition, inaugurations etc.

Speakers are invited from a diverse range of backgrounds including archaeology, history, ethnography, sociology and event management.  Both archaeological and modern case studies are invited. Papers will be 20 minutes in length, with time for questions.  This important international conference will take place at the Institute of Technology, Sligo, Ireland from 25th to 27th October 2013, and will coincide with the SligoLive cultural festival.  Abstracts of no more than 200 words should be emailed by 3rd May, 2013 to:

archaeologyofgatherings@yahoo.com

Thursday, February 7, 2013

Templar Chant — Salve Regina

Feeling in a medieval state of mind, I thought I would share this antique beauty with you all tonight. Sometimes it is just healthy to escape the modern world, and what better way to do it than through music? Consider this then, a meditation to cleanse yourself of the ills of modernity at least for a while.


Popular tradition concerning this Marian antiphon is that it was written to be used by the crusaders. 
It has also been attributed to Adhémar, Bishop of Podium (Puy-en-Velay), whence it has been styled  Antiphona de Podio (Anthem of Le Puy). Adhémar was the first to ask permission to go on the crusade, and the first to receive the cross from Pope Urban II.   Before his departure, towards the end of October, 1096, he composed the war-song of the crusade, in which he asked the intercession of the Queen of Heaven, the Salve Regina (Migne,   Dict. des Croisades , s. v. Adhémar).

Salve, Regina
Salve, Regina, mater misericordiae;
vita, dulcedo et spes nostra, salve.
Ad te clamamus exsules filii Hevae.
Ad te suspiramus gementes et flentes
in hac lacrimarum valle.
Eia ergo, advocata nostra,
illos tuos misericordes oculos ad nos converte.
Et Iesum, benedictum fructum ventris tui,
nobis post hoc exsilium ostende.
O clemens, o pia, o dulcis Virgo Maria.

V. Ora pro nobis, sancta Dei Genitrix.
R. Ut digni efficamur promissionibus Christi.

Oremus. Omnipotens sempiterne Deus, qui gloriosae Virginis Matris Mariae corpus et animam, ut dignum Filii tui habitaculum effici mereretur, Spiritu Sancto cooperante, praeparasti, da, ut cuius commemoratione laetamur; eius pia intercessione, ab instantibus malis et a morte perpetua liberemur. Per eundem Christum Dominum nostrum. Amen.

(Hail, holy Queen, Mother of Mercy,

our life, our sweetness and our hope.
To thee do we cry, poor banished children of Eve;
to thee do we send up our sighs,
mourning and weeping in this valley of tears.

Turn then, most gracious advocate,
thine eyes of mercy toward us;
and after this our exile,
show unto us the blessed fruit of thy womb, Jesus.
O clement, O loving, O sweet Virgin Mary.

Pray for us O holy Mother of God,
that we may be made worthy of the promises of Christ.

Let us pray: Almighty, everlasting God, who by the co-operation of the Holy Spirit didst prepare the body and soul of the glorious Virgin-Mother Mary to become a dwelling-place meet for thy Son: grant that as we rejoice in her commemoration; so by her fervent intercession we may be delivered from present evils and from everlasting death. Through the same Christ our Lord. Amen.)

Thanks to Mary Armstrong.

Wednesday, November 14, 2012

The Chamber of Reflection in the French Rite

The following is the first installment in a very lengthy piece posted by my friend and brother Victor Guerra on one of his many blogs, in Spanish. Since I tend to post shorter pieces on my blog, and since I have to juggle many items, including other work I am translating, I will be posting this work in a serial form. I hope you all enjoy. 

Please feel free to offer comments and feedback. As part of my long term goal is to provide access to Continental materials which have long been absent in the American literature, feedback will be very helpful.


The Chamber of Reflection and its Symbolic Artifacts
A view from the French or Modern Rite and its contrasts with other rites 
By Victor Guerra.

 Introduction. -
To start it is necessary to indicate something that seems obvious, not all Rites contain the Chamber of Reflection, or at least it is not interpreted in the same way, and that chain as Philippe Langlet explains, is  "from the dark room of the Emulation Rite, the RER preparation chamber, through the Cabinet "type" of the AASR, or the French Rite ".

Its essence is constituted, as the respected Freemason Oswald Wirth explained - and based upon two sets of symbols, "one representing death and the other life ", combined to create the old mythic image of the cave - which at the end of the day " comes to represent a simplified summary of the message that comes from the macabre dances and art from the Middle Ages and plays an important role as an initiation rite. "

Despite being one of the quintessentially Masonic elements to have penetrated the popular consciousness in so-called "Masonic Mysteries", we find that as a symbolic subject, it has not been addressed much, much less within the Modern Rite.

Primarily within the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, we find paradoxically, the chamber has been magnified and so loaded with inks and colors and schools of thought, that the result could said to have ended up defining the "standard model" or image of the Chamber of Reflection, although the inheritance comes from the "modern", the "old" ended up modifying it to tailor it to the needs of the times and fashions.

Do not forget that in the Emulation Rite there is no such Chamber of Reflection, and that the rituals of this rite should "not make the mistake of subjecting the candidate to it". The layman must be placed in a dark and secluded space free of symbols or inscriptions, on the other hand in the York Rite there is provided instructions to create a preparation room, but no further details.

Therefore we can state without fear of contradiction that the Chamber of Reflection found its way to France through the development of the first settlement of Masonry with the creation of the French rite and then underwent a fuller development within the REAA.

This does not mean we can expect to find much information on the Chamber of Reflection in  REAA literature or even of the Masonic initiation ceremony, or on the form in which it develops in much of the popular literature on Masonry. Indeed, there are many references, but they tend to be circular, each referring back to the other. A demonstration of this intellectual scarcity, is that hardly more than a single reference work of any quality exists, that being G. Persigout:  Simbolique du Gabinet Reflection. It is out of print and when it can be found in bookstores can reach as much as 300 euros, although Beresniak has also written a book about it.

What evidence exists on the subject takes the form of many and varied small pieces of work generally intended for Masons to read in Lodge. These generally relate to the symbolic elements. Why do we find a such a large gap in terms of thinking about the presence and development of as significant and unique an element in Masonic ritual as this and silence on the presence of such unique elements as those found in the Chamber of Reflection?

This explains why when scholars and authors like Frau Abrines touch on the issue of the Chamber of Reflection, they do a juggling act. and move on to other topics without giving a precise explanation of the phenomenon, which shows the difficulty that  these authors encounter looking for a logical thread explaining why something that was not present in the primordial English Freemasonry,  and which still does not have a place there, develops through a complex but apparently unobserved process leading to the current Chamber of Reflection, a feature so important in the continental Masonic world.

Moreover, this calls attention to its becoming a major element in the early Mason initiation, yet it is paid so little attention to in the same rituals, and in many cases we are hardly offered more than a slight description or sketch, even though its symbolic forcefulness not otherwise mentioned in the work within the lodge, remains the first contact that the layman has the Masonic endeavor.

This lack at least from a historical point of view does not make much sense, as   Rene Le Moal notes in his introduction to the work of  "Le Cabinet of reflection. simboles Des pour toute une vie" , which was published in the prestigious journal  La Chaine d ' Union,  No. 6 - July-2012.

It was this article which has led me to investigate The Chamber of Reflection in the French Rite, because despite the anger of certain pseudo French brothers by the publication of our work, it seems that the French Masonic world wishes to claim as its own the French or Modern Rite and its different parts, and yet offers little on a topic as innocuous yet as significant as the Chamber of Reflection.

This led me to check its impact on the REAA of the GODF apart to see what its presence in the ritual texts was, and also what might be found in the various publications associated with the GODF, such as the magazine cited above: La Chaine d'Union,  number 6, July 2012 where you can check the weight and substance of the published work, which is mostly related to Escossism.

For that reason through this modest blog, I intend to further investigate the role of the Chamber of Reflection in the Modern French Rite as the French Brothers who practice this ritual do not seem interested in extending their examination and as history suggests  La Chaine d'Union , and apart from other minor works in the lodge collection logiales Paris, collected within the GODF between 1979 and 1989, that seek to patent it, or who seem to see its significance within the corpus of reflections GODF French Masons of the time, and so it will wither, René Le Moal, need not to worry now essentially the question is moot. TO BE CONTINUED...


To see the original in its entirety, in Spanish, click here: http://www.ritofrances.net/2012_07_29_archive.html